Swan-Ganz Calculator

Hemodynamic Inputs

Enter measured values

1Patient & Lab Data

SexMale/female

HeightUsed to calculate BSA cm

WeightUsed to calculate BSA kg

Body surface areaMosteller formula m²

Hemoglobin g/dL

Arterial saturationSaO₂ / SpO₂ %

Venous saturationSvO₂ / ScvO₂ %

2Systemic Arterial Pressure

Systolic pressureABP systolic mmHg

Diastolic pressureABP diastolic mmHg

Mean arterial pressureCalculated from SBP and DBP mmHg

3PA Catheter

Right atrial pressureCVP / RAP mmHg

PA systolic pressurePAPs mmHg

PA diastolic pressurePAPd mmHg

Mean PA pressureCalculated from PAPs and PAPd mmHg

Wedge pressurePCWP mmHg

Thermodilution CO L/min

Calculated Hemodynamics

Primary display: Fick

Flow and Perfusion

Cardiac OutputCO

--L/min

Reference: 4–6 L/min

Cardiac IndexCI

--L/min/m²

Reference: 2–4 L/min/m²

Venous SaturationSvO₂

--%

Reference: 65–75%

Cardiac Power OutputCPO

--W

Severe LV dysfunction concern below 0.6 W

Filling Pressures

Right Atrial PressureRAP

--mmHg

Reference: 1–6 mmHg

Wedge PressurePCWP

--mmHg

Reference: 6–11 mmHg

RA to PCWP RatioRAP/PCWP

Reference: <0.6 · >0.8 suggests RV-predominant congestion

PA PressureS/D/M

--mmHg

Displayed as systolic/diastolic/mean

Vascular Resistance and RV Function

Systemic Vascular ResistanceSVR

--dyn·s/cm⁵

Reference: 900–1400

Pulmonary Vascular ResistancePVR

--WU

Reference: ≤2 WU · >2 WU is elevated

PA Pulsatility IndexPAPi

Reference: >0.9 · <0.9 suggests severe RV dysfunction

Transpulmonary GradientTPG

--mmHg

mPAP − PCWP · >12 suggests pulmonary vascular remodeling

Hemodynamic Interpretation

Enter the measured hemodynamic values and select Calculate Hemodynamics.

Swan Interpretation

Right Heart Cath Patterns

Pattern	Filling Pressure		Flow & Perfusion			Afterload		RV		Key Clue
Pattern	RAP mmHg	PCWP mmHg	CI L/min/m²	SvO₂	CPO W	SVR	PVR WU	PAPi	RAP / PCWP	Key Clue
Shock / Low Output
Cardiogenic Shock Cold + wet	↑	↑	↓ <2.2	↓ <60%	↓ <0.6 severe	↑ >1400	N / ↑	Variable	Variable	Low flow + high filling pressures
LV-Predominant Failure Left-sided congestion	N / ↑	↑ >15	↓	↓	↓	↑	N / ↑	Normal	↓	PCWP disproportionately high
RV-Predominant Failure Right-sided congestion	↑ >8	N / mild ↑	↓	↓	N / ↓	N / ↑	↑	↓ <0.9	↑ ≥0.8	High RAP + low PAPi
Mixed Cardiogenic + Distributive Low flow + vasodilation	Variable	Variable	↓	Variable	↓	↓ <900	Variable	Variable	Variable	Low CI + low SVR
Volume / Vascular Tone
Hypovolemia Underfilled / cold-dry	↓ <3	↓ <6	↓	↓	↓	↑	N / ↓	Normal	Variable	Low RAP + low PCWP
Distributive Shock Warm vasodilatory	↓ / N	↓ / N	↑ >3.5 typical	N / ↑	N / ↑	↓ <900	N / ↓	Normal	Variable	Low SVR + high flow
Congestion / Pressure
Congested, Normal Flow Warm + wet	↑	↑	Normal	Normal	Normal	Variable	Variable	Variable	Variable	Wet without low output
Tamponade Pressure equalization	↑ ≥10	↑ ≥10	↓	↓	↓	↑	Variable	Often ↓	Often ↑	RAP ≈ PCWP within ~3 mmHg
Pulmonary Hypertension
Precapillary PH	Variable	≤15	Variable	Variable	Variable	Variable	↑ >2	May ↓	May ↑	mPAP >20 + PCWP ≤15 + PVR >2
Isolated Postcapillary PH	N / ↑	↑ >15	Variable	Variable	Variable	Variable	≤2	Normal	Variable	mPAP >20 + PCWP >15 + PVR ≤2
Combined Post + Precapillary PH	N / ↑	↑ >15	Variable / ↓	Variable	Variable	Variable	↑ >2	May ↓	May ↑	mPAP >20 + PCWP >15 + PVR >2

Swan Basics

CXR Placement

Path: SVC → RA → RV → PA → branch
Ideal tip: Proximal R/L pulmonary artery, ~3–5 cm beyond carina, near hilum
Too proximal: In RV → arrhythmia risk
Too distal: In segmental PA → rupture risk

Right Heart Cath Equations

Flow & Perfusion

Metric	Equation	Units
BSA	√[(Ht × Wt) / 3600]	m²
Fick CO	VO₂ / (CaO₂ − CvO₂)	L/min
Estimated Fick CO	(125 × BSA) / [(SaO₂ − SvO₂) × 1.36 × 10 × Hgb]	L/min
CI	CO / BSA	L/min/m²
CPO	(MAP × CO) / 451	W

Pressure & Gradients

Metric	Equation	Units
MAP	(SBP + 2 × DBP) / 3	mmHg
mPAP	(PASP + 2 × PADP) / 3	mmHg
PA pulse pressure	PASP − PADP	mmHg
TPG	mPAP − PCWP	mmHg
DPG	PADP − PCWP	mmHg

Vascular Resistance

Metric	Equation	Units
SVR	[(MAP − RAP) / CO] × 80	dyn·s/cm⁵
SVRI	[(MAP − RAP) / CI] × 80	dyn·s·m²/cm⁵
PVR	(mPAP − PCWP) / CO	WU
PVRI	(mPAP − PCWP) / CI	WU·m²
WU → dyn	WU × 80	dyn·s/cm⁵

RV Hemodynamics

Metric	Equation	Units
PAPi	(PASP − PADP) / RAP	ratio
RAP/PCWP	RAP / PCWP	ratio
RV SWI	(mPAP − RAP) × SVI × 0.0136	g·m/m²/beat
SV	(CO × 1000) / HR	mL/beat
SVI	SV / BSA	mL/beat/m²

References

Swan HJC, Ganz W, Forrester J, Marcus H, Diamond G, Chonette D. Catheterization of the heart in man with use of a flow-directed balloon-tipped catheter. N Engl J Med. 1970;283(9):447-451. doi:10.1056/NEJM197008272830902.
View study

Swan-Ganz Catheter

Forrester JS, Diamond G, Chatterjee K, Swan HJC. Medical therapy of acute myocardial infarction by application of hemodynamic subsets (first of two parts). N Engl J Med. 1976;295(24):1356-1362. doi:10.1056/NEJM197612092952406.
View study

Hemodynamic Profiles

Stevenson LW, Perloff JK. The limited reliability of physical signs for estimating hemodynamics in chronic heart failure. JAMA. 1989;261(6):884-888. doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03420060100040.
View study

Clinical Hemodynamics

Nohria A, Tsang SW, Fang JC, Lewis EF, Jarcho JA, Mudge GH, Stevenson LW. Clinical assessment identifies hemodynamic profiles that predict outcomes in patients admitted with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(10):1797-1804. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00309-7.
View study

Warm / Cold · Wet / Dry

Fincke R, Hochman JS, Lowe AM, et al. Cardiac power is the strongest hemodynamic correlate of mortality in cardiogenic shock: a report from the SHOCK trial registry. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;44(2):340-348. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.03.060.
View study

Cardiac Power Output

Mendoza DD, Cooper HA, Panza JA. Cardiac power output predicts mortality across a broad spectrum of patients with acute cardiac disease. Am Heart J. 2007;153(3):366-370. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2006.11.014.
View study

CPO Prognosis

Korabathina R, Heffernan KS, Paruchuri V, et al. The pulmonary artery pulsatility index identifies severe right ventricular dysfunction in acute inferior myocardial infarction. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2012;80(4):593-600. doi:10.1002/ccd.23309.
View study

PAPi ≤ 0.9

Saxena A, Garan AR, Kapur NK, et al. Value of hemodynamic monitoring in patients with cardiogenic shock undergoing mechanical circulatory support. Circulation. 2020;141(14):1184-1197. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043080.
View review

Shock Hemodynamics

Bertaina M, Galluzzo A, Morici N, et al. Pulmonary artery catheter monitoring in patients with cardiogenic shock: time for a reappraisal? Card Fail Rev. 2022;8:e15. doi:10.15420/cfr.2021.32.
View review

Pulmonary Artery Catheter

Humbert M, Kovacs G, Hoeper MM, et al. 2022 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2022;43(38):3618-3731. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac237.
View guideline

Pulmonary Hypertension

Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure. Circulation. 2022;145(18):e895-e1032. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001063.
View guideline

Heart Failure Guideline

Naidu SS, Baran DA, Jentzer JC, et al. SCAI SHOCK stage classification expert consensus update: a review and incorporation of validation studies. J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv. 2022;1(1):100008. doi:10.1016/j.jscai.2021.100008.
View SCAI consensus

SCAI Shock Staging